Periodic Limb Movement

Periodic limb movement disorder (PLMD) is a condition in which brief movements of the lower limbs occur repetitively during sleep. These movements usually last between a half second and five seconds, and repeat once or twice per minute for long stretches of the night. Movements can be mild, such as the movement of a toe, or severe, such as a powerful leg jerk or kick. Some sleepers have reported that they’ve literally made their spouses black and blue from kicking they’ve done while asleep!

PLMD is rare in people under 30 years of age, but is more common in older people. Many people with this condition are unaware of the problem, unless they also have RLS along with it. Therefore, a common report from people with PLMD is difficulty falling asleep and/or staying asleep. Since the movements associated with PLMD disrupt sleep and prevent the sleeper from enjoying deep, restful sleep, the sufferer also often feels that sleep is not restful or restorative.

The treatment of PLMD usually involves the use of medications that act on the neurotransmitter substance “dopamine,” such as pramipexole (Mirapex®) or ropinirole (Requip®). Treatment of underlying causes of PLMD, such as iron deficiency, also provides relief.

Evaluation of RLS and PLMD

The evaluation of RLS and PLMD always involves discussion with your doctor. Your doctor may refer you to a sleep laboratory for overnight evaluation in order to make the diagnosis of RLS or PLMD, and to help determine an appropriate treatment plan.

For information about RLS and PLMD, download the Restless Legs Syndrome and Periodic Limb Movement Disorder Fact Sheet, which you can print and take to your doctor. Additional information may be found at www.rls.org, and patient information brochures may be obtained by calling 212-994-5100.